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The massive, developing gully at Pondok Balik in Indonesia

EOS - Tue, 02/17/2026 - 08:15

A massive gully has been developing over the last two decades at Pondok Balik. It now covers an area of over 3 hectares.

In Indonesia, a massive and rapidly developing gully is causing considerable concern. Located at Pondok Balik in Central Aceh Regency, Aceh province, this feature has been developing since 2004. Reuters has an excellent gallery of images that is worth a view. There is a really good summary of the history of this gully on The Watchers website too.

There is some nice drone footage of this feature in this SindoNews report on Youtube:-

The location of this very large gully is [4.72374, 96.73117]. This is a Google Earth image of it, captured in June 2025:-

Google Earth image from June 2025 of the massive gully at Pondok Balik in Indonesia.

By comparison, here is an image from February 2015:-

Google Earth image from February 2015 2018 of the massive gully at Pondok Balik in Indonesia.

And here is a slider to compare the two, showing the raid development of the gully:-

Google Earth images

The gully is reportedly developing in loose volcanic materials, which are prone to rapid erosion when disturbed and saturated. In Indonesia, rainfall totals are high.

There are concerns about potential damage to the road seen in the image and to high voltage electricity pylons running through the area. It is proposed to seek to manage the hazard by reinforcing the soil and managing surface and subsurface water. This will not be straightforward or cheap.

Return to The Landslide Blog homepage Text © 2026. The authors. CC BY-NC-ND 3.0
Except where otherwise noted, images are subject to copyright. Any reuse without express permission from the copyright owner is prohibited.

Amazon rainforest flipped to carbon source during 2023 extreme drought, study shows

Phys.org: Earth science - Mon, 02/16/2026 - 20:20
The Amazon rainforest is of crucial importance to the Earth's ecosystem, given its capacity to store substantial amounts of carbon in its vegetation. In 2023, the region experienced unusually high temperatures, reaching 1.5°C above the 1991–2020 average, accompanied by unusual levels of atmospheric dryness from September to November. These conditions were caused by warmer water temperatures in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans that resulted in diminished moisture transport from the Atlantic to South America, and led to drought in the second half of 2023. An international research team, led by Santiago Botia at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, studied how these extreme conditions affected the Amazon rainforest's ability to absorb and store carbon.

Spacecraft attitude takeover and torque distribution optimization on SO(3) considering jerk

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Yang Hu, Hua-Yi Li, Sai Zhang, Qian Cao, Zhen Yang

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Ionospheric Disturbance Structures During the Pre-storm Phase of the 10-11 May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm Using a Compressed Sensing–Based Tomographic Technique

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Wenbin Liang, Xiyan Sun, Yuanfa Ji, Xiaodong Ren, Xizi Jia, Qingyan Chen

Comprehensive study of space weather conditions during the September 11-21 2024 geospace storm. 1. The solar and magnetospheric storms

Publication date: Available online 13 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): L.F. Chernogor, D.R. Kulyk

Safe Reinforcement Learning for Aerospace Control via Model-Relaxed Lyapunov Stability

Publication date: Available online 12 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Donghe Chen, Jiaxuan Yue, Tengjie Zheng, Lin Cheng, Shengping Gong

<strong>Depicting Ion-Acoustic Solitary Waves dissemination features in Plasma with</strong> <math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si37.svg" class="math"><mrow><mrow><mfenced open="(" close=")"><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi></

Publication date: Available online 12 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Abdullah Alshehab, Shakir Ullah, Huda Alfannakh, Abdullah F. Al Naim, Najeh Rekik

Preface: Astrophysics of Cosmic Rays in the Multi-messenger Era

Publication date: Available online 12 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Eun-Suk Seo, Igor V. Moskalenko

Impact on the Bias Propagation in the Integrity Monitoring of Filter-Based Real-Time LEO Satellite Clock Determination

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Meifang Wu, Kan Wang, Wei Xie, Beixi Chen, Jinqian Wang, Ahmed El-Mowafy, Xuhai Yang

Investigating Ionospheric TEC Variations in Solar and Geomagnetic Influences Across Solar Activity Phases

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Ziyadat Hassan, Zamri Zainal Abidin, Affan Adly Nazri, Nursyazela Badrina Baharin

Comparative Analysis of Spacecraft Self-Shadowing Algorithms

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): P.R. Zapevalin

Safety control for arbitrarily shaped spacecraft proximity operations with self-shape consideration

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Hang Zhou, Tao Meng, Kun Wang, Chengrui Shi, Renhao Mao, Weijia Wang, Jiakun Lei

Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network Based Dual Channel Convolutional Neural Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Brajesh Kumar, Mohd. Mustafa Khan, Divyesh Varade

Abnormal response of ionospheric irregularities in the eastern Pacific region during a great magnetic storm in April 2023

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Sheping Shang, Jiankui Shi, Maosheng He, Zhengwei Cheng, Guojun Wang, Zheng Wang

Analytical modelling of an aerobraking orbit

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Maximilien Berthet

An Integrated Approach for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping: A Case Study of Idukki District, South-West India

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): B. Athul, S.Sumith Satheendran, Megha Kennedy, Aparna Pradeep

Dynamic Semantic-Collaborative Multi-Scale Semi-Supervised Segmentation for Remote Sensing Images

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Huihui Li, Huajian Pan, Xiaoyong Liu, Zhe Li, Qiong Hu, Shaozhong Song, Yanqiu Li

A Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm for Actuator Grouping in Antenna Reflector Surface Shape Control

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Zehua Zhang, Xiande Wu, Xiangshuai Song, Chao Dong

Tracing Urban Footprints: A CA–Markov-Based Prediction of LULC Change in a Class-I City of West Bengal (2001–2041)

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Sankar Paul, Sasmita Rout, Harekrishna Manna, Jahar Lal Giri, Rabi Narayan Behera

Refined Identification and Analysis of Coal Fire Areas in Xinjiang Using Multi-Source Long-Term Remote Sensing Data

Publication date: Available online 11 February 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Hongdong Fan, Jun Wang, Zhu Li, Yangjun Teng

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