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Guided by the lived experiences of community partners, Northwestern University scientists have simulated the effects of zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) adoption on future air quality for the greater Chicago area.

Public officials designing seawalls, levees and other safeguards against rising seas can save money if their solutions are flexible, adapting to sea-level increases over time, according to an analysis by scientists at Rutgers and Princeton universities.

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2025

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Badr-Eddine Boudriki Semlali, Carlos Molina, Hyuk Park, Adriano Camps

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2025

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Shang Tian, Xiaotong Zhu, Han Zhang, Hongwei Guo, Zijie Zhang, Jinhui Jeanne Huang

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2025

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Ershen Wang, Tengli Yu, Xinhui Sun, Pingping Qu, Tingyu Chen, Xuebao Hong, Song Xu, Zexin Liu

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2025

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Akram Sadeghi, Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan, Naser Ahmadi Sani

Publication date: Available online 5 March 2025

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Ebru Aktekin

Stretching from Montana to Missouri, the Missouri River basin is one of the country's largest river systems. Over the past century, its average streamflow has increased by about 40%, with multiple years since 1990 experiencing extremely high flow. Streamflow is affected by factors including precipitation, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as changes in the way land is used, such as replacing forest with cropland. Understanding how these factors interact is critical in helping the public prepare for hydrologic extremes such as floods, which cost the United States billions of dollars per year.

A new study recently published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, provides new insights into the meteorological processes responsible for the filling of a normally dry lake in the northwestern Sahara. The research offers a fresh perspective on past climate variations and suggests we can learn from past flooding of the lake on ongoing climate change and future water resources in the desert.

Have you ever heard of—or even seen—red lightning? These are not animated characters but real atmospheric phenomena known as electrical discharges that occur high above thunderstorms. Scientists refer to them as "red sprites," named for their jellyfish-like appearance and vivid red flashes. Now, imagine witnessing these mesmerizing displays over the world's highest mountain range—the Himalayas.

In ancient China, spring rains were called "as precious as oil" for their vital role in nature's spring revival. Today, a unique climate phenomenon known as "spring persistent rainfall" (SPR) prevails in East Asia, bringing about 600 mm of rainfall—more than 35% of the region's annual mean total rainfall.

Using a sediment core taken from the Great Blue Hole off the coast of the Central American state of Belize, researchers from the universities of Frankfurt, Cologne, Göttingen, Hamburg and Bern have analyzed the local climate history of the last 5,700 years.

Flinders University coastal experts are finding more cost-efficient ways to capture crucial seascape elevation data (bathymetry), through current research projects that are monitoring environmental change across areas of South Australia's coastline.

The impact of hurricanes when they travel over land, or when they affect ships or oil-drilling platforms, are quite well understood. But these huge cyclones also stir up the ocean itself, with consequences that are relatively unknown and hard to study.

Author(s): X. X. Li, R. J. Cheng, Qing Wang, D. J. Liu, S. Y. Lv, Z. M. Huang, S. T. Zhang, Z. J. Chen, Z. Y. Xu, Qiang Wang, Z. J. Liu, L. H. Cao, C. Y. Zheng, and X. T. He

It is shown that the Landau damping of electron plasma waves (EPWs) is significantly enhanced in a transverse magnetic field with tens of teslas due to a strong modification of the electron velocity distribution function formed in the two-plasmon-decay (TPD) process. The Landau damping even in the r…

[Phys. Rev. E 111, 035207] Published Tue Mar 18, 2025

Author(s): Xiongdong Yu, Zhigang Yuan, Dedong Wang, Oliver Allanson, and Samuel Hunter

The dynamics of electrons in space plasmas, such as the earth’s radiation belts, are affected by the presence of wave turbulence, even when a resonance condition is not satisfied. The authors propose an expression to describe this resonance broadening effect, and find that it compares well with test particle simulation results. The study is applied to whistler-mode chorus waves in the radiation belt’s electrons, but can be easily extended to a wide range of systems.

#AdvancingField #TechnicalAdvancement

[Phys. Rev. E 111, L033201] Published Tue Mar 18, 2025

The natural process of locking away carbon dioxide (CO2) appears to be in decline—and climate change will accelerate as a result, a University of Strathclyde study warns.

Over the last 40 years, the majority of the world's lakes have changed color, according to a new study. The research team analyzed 32 million satellite observations from over 67,000 lakes. Major changes in the lake ecosystems are thought to be the cause.

Between 15,000 and 8,000 years ago, the Earth experienced significant climatic changes, including the rapid retreat of ice sheets and rising sea levels, during the Glacial–Holocene transition. This period featured abrupt climatic events such as the Bølling–Allerød warm period and the Younger Dryas (YD) cold reversal, highlighting shifts from glacial to interglacial conditions.

Author(s): Thomas Chuna and Michael S. Murillo

A considerable number of semiempirical and first-principles models have been created to describe the dynamic response of a collisionally damped charged-particle system. However, known challenges persist for established dynamic structure factors (DSFs), dielectric functions, and conductivities. For i…

[Phys. Rev. E 111, 035206] Published Mon Mar 17, 2025