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Nonlinear tearing mode instability studied using Galerkin spectral method

Physical Review E (Plasma physics) - Wed, 10/22/2025 - 10:00

Author(s): Shuai Tang, Jiaqi Wang, Jian Liu, Min Jiang, Zhiyi Yin, Shaojie Wang, Dongjian Liu, and Zhiwei Ma

This study investigates the nonlinear evolution of tearing mode instabilities utilizing a quasiparticle framework integrated with spectral methods. By reformulating the resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations via Galerkin spectral decomposition, a direct connection between MHD and quasiparticl…

[Phys. Rev. E 112, 045212] Published Wed Oct 22, 2025

Laser amplification in ${e}^{−}\text{−}{μ}^{−}$-ion plasmas

Physical Review E (Plasma physics) - Wed, 10/22/2025 - 10:00

Author(s): Y. Chen, R. Ou, H. Wang, S. J. Chen, Y. X. Zhong, Y. G. Chen, S. Tan, Y. X. Li, C. Y. Zheng, Z. J. Liu, L. H. Cao, M. M. Zhang, D. P. Feng, W. J. Zuo, and C. Z. Xiao

We investigate laser amplification in e−−μ−−ion plasmas, where negative muons partially replace electrons. Theoretical results reveal a hybrid plasma wave, called μ wave, that exhibits ion-acoustic behavior in long-wavelength regime and Langmuir-like behavior in short-wavelength regime. Besides, the…

[Phys. Rev. E 112, 045213] Published Wed Oct 22, 2025

Retreating glaciers may send fewer nutrients to the ocean, study finds

Phys.org: Earth science - Wed, 10/22/2025 - 09:00

The cloudy, sediment-laden meltwater from glaciers is a key source of nutrients for ocean life, but a new study suggests that as climate change causes many glaciers to shrink and retreat, their meltwater may become less nutritious.

Another landslide dam flood at the site of the Matai’an rock avalanche in Taiwan

EOS - Wed, 10/22/2025 - 06:59

Failure of the landslide debris from the Matai’an rock avalanche allowed another barrier lake to form. This breached on 21 October 2025, generating another damaging debris flow.

Newspapers in Taiwan are reporting that a new landslide barrier lake formed and then failed at the site of the giant Matai’an rock avalanche. The breach event apparently occurred at baout 9 pm local time on 21 October 2025. The risk had been identified in advance and the downstream population had been evacuated successfully this time, so there are no reports of fatalities.

The Taipei Times has an image of the barrier lake that was released by the Hualien branch of the Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency:-

The Matai’an landslide barrier lakes prior to the failure of the lower one on 21 October 2025. Photo courtesy of the Hualien branch of the Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency via the Taipei Times.

There is also a video on Youtube from Focus Taiwan (CNA English News) that includes helicopter footage of the site, also provided by the Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency:-

This includes the following still:-

The lower Matai’an landslide barrier lake prior to the failure on 21 October 2025. Still from a video posted to Youtube by CNA English News – original footage courtesy of the Hualien branch of the Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency.

It appears to me that the barrier lake has formed because of a large landslide in the debris from the original rock avalanche note the dark coloured landslide scar on the left side of the image.

Loyal readers will remember that I highlighted that this could be an issue in my post on 3 October:-

“So, a very interesting question will now pertain to the stability of these slopes. How will they perform in conditions of intense rainfall and/or earthquake shaking? Is there the potential for a substantial slope failure on either side, allowing a new (enlarged) lake to form.”

“This will need active monitoring (InSAR may well be ideal). The potential problems associated with the Matai’an landslide are most certainly not over yet.”

There is a high probability that this will be a recurring issue in periods of heavy rainfall.

Meanwhile, keep a close eye on Tropical Storm Melissa, which is tracking slowly northwards in the Caribbean. This could bring exceptionally high levels of rainfall to Haiti and Jamaica as it is moving very slowly. This one looks like a disaster in waiting at the moment.

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While searching for the world's oldest ice, scientists find sediment sneaking under the Antarctic ice sheet

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 10/21/2025 - 20:53

For decades, researchers seeking to understand global climate change have analyzed ice cores drilled deep within the Antarctic ice sheet. This ice traps chemicals and bubbles of ancient air that tell the story of how Earth's climate has changed over time.

Geophysical-machine learning tool developed for continuous subsurface geomaterials characterization

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 10/21/2025 - 20:34

Thailand's northern regions, characterized by complex geology and active fault systems, experience frequent landslides that threaten both lives and critical infrastructure. In 2022, a slope failure occurred along Highway No. 1088 in Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. When a research team led by Professor Shinya Inazumi from Shibaura Institute of Technology conducted geotechnical investigations to determine the collapse's cause, they encountered a critical limitation.