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Publication date: 15 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 6

Author(s): Hok Sum Fok, Zhongtian Ma

Publication date: 15 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 6

Author(s): Donghao Song, Hu Ming, Yajing Wang

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Xiaotian Zhang, Shengpu Zhao, Zelin Zhang, Lei Bao, Qingcheng Guo

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Iver H. Cairns, William Trevett, Daniel B. Graham

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Simon Maillot, Koji Tanaka

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Chao Zhang, Huayi Li, Shijie Zhang, Yue Liu

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Jeongrak Lee, Seonghyeon Kim, Anna Lee, Hongjae Kang

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Yu.V. Yasyukevich, E.I. Danilchuk, L.K. Kashapova, A.M. Vesnin

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Citlali Bruce Rosete, Mireia Leon Dasi, Mark R. Boyd, Kim Angelique Kahle, Frederik Dall’Omo, Paula Benitez Sesmilo, Marius Anger, Majdi Assaid, Vincenzo Davide Cardinale, Wiebe de Gruijter, Simone Filomeno, Jan-Vincent Harre, Jakub Kowalczyk, Alex McDougall-Page, Gerald Mösenlechner, Johannes Ora, Isabel Pitz, Rick Röthlisberger, Vito Saggese, Kamil Serafin

Publication date: 1 March 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 5

Author(s): Shaofeng Bu, Wenming Xie, Xuchen Shen, Xiaodong Peng, Cheng Liu, Jingyi Ren

The findings of a new paper show governance and preparedness rather than hazard magnitude determine whether avalanches become mass-casualty events. With large ice-rock avalanches growing in frequency as steep slopes in the Himalaya become unstable due to rapid glacier retreat, extreme precipitation and permafrost degradation, scientists believe saving lives, protecting infrastructure and reducing long-term economic losse s in some of the world's most hazard-exposed regions could be achieved through several practical steps.

The future of one of Antarctica's most iconic glaciers could be far more dramatic than scientists previously thought. Using satellite calibrated ice sheet models, a team of researchers from the University of Edinburgh found that the Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica could be shedding 180–200 gigatonnes of ice per year by 2067—a rate roughly comparable to the entire Antarctic ice sheet's current mass loss. That would represent a stunning acceleration in ice loss from a single glacier and underlines urgent concerns about future contributions to sea level rise.

Every summer, people living near the Mendenhall River in Juneau, Alaska, keep a close eye on the water level. When the river level begins to rise rapidly, it's a sign that Suicide Basin, a small glacier-dammed lake 5 miles up the mountains, has broken through the glacier again and a glacial lake outburst flood is underway.

The 2025 Eaton fire's smoke did more than darken the sky: It generated a carbon monoxide and particulate matter surge that far exceeded Los Angeles County's average daily human-caused emissions, according to a new study led by researchers at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences. The findings are published in the journal ACS ES&T Air.

SummaryThe maximum possible earthquake magnitude (${{M}_{MAX}}$) is a consequential parameter that is difficult to quantify. In this paper, order statistics concepts are adapted to infer ${{M}_{MAX}}$ from an earthquake catalogue. Examining jumps in the ordered sequence of largest events significantly improves inferences of ${{M}_{MAX}}$ truncation; I continue this improvement by considering deeper metrics (i.e., jumps in the second, third, fourth, … largest events). I begin by providing a theoretical foundation for these deeper metrics, while highlighting special cases. Synthetic tests are performed to quantify the improvements gained. While the largest information gains arise from the largest event sequence, appreciable gains are found to depths of ten. This approach is also validated on real-data cases, such as Groningen and FORGE, demonstrating their utility. Overall, this approach will contribute to better understanding earthquake hazards and discerning the physical processes that allow earthquakes to grow large.

SummaryThe Ojos del Salado Volcano, the highest active volcano in the world, is located at the southern end of the Puna plateau in central Chile. Here, the subduction angle of the down-going Nazca plate shallows, causing volcanism to move inland marking the southern end of the Central Andean Volcanic Zone (CAVZ). Little is known about the current volcanic activity at this southern edge or the dominant crustal stresses at these volcanic centres. In this study, we use a temporary network of 29 geophones to record local seismicity at the Ojos del Salado volcano. The type of seismic event, number of events per day, location, and magnitudes of events all provide insight into the structure, material properties, and activity level of the volcano. Between February 6th and 28th 2024, this network recorded 93 events with local magnitudes larger than 0, the largest having local magnitude 2.8. The events formed two main clusters, one on the western flank of Ojos del Salado itself near the summit, and a smaller cluster to the north. Most events in the northern cluster occurred within a 35 minute seismic swarm on February 8th. Twenty-one fault plane solutions were determined for events within the network. Six of these occurred during the northern swarm and showed steep oblique faulting and fifteen in the summit cluster, which mainly show normal faulting with strikes comparable to E-W oriented mapped faults in the area. Fault plane solutions at both clusters indicate a north-south extensional stress state. This agrees with the regional stress axes of the southern Puna plateau found in other studies, suggesting that the local crustal stresses at the Ojos del Salado volcano mainly follow the regional stresses with some variation in fault planes near the summit and in the northern swarm that could be due to locally high magmatic or geothermal fluid stresses. Heavy rain in the days preceding the northern swarm may have increased the amount of fluid available, potentially inducing the swarm on February 8th. No seismicity was observed near the Laguna Verde, or the two smaller volcanoes within the network: the Barrancas Blancas and Mulas Muertas. Ojos del Salado is therefore the main source of seismic activity and likely heat source within the study area. The level of seismicity and the occurrence of a seismic swarm to the north and five small seismic swarms near the summit suggest that there is still volcanic activity at Ojos del Salado and it could benefit from monitoring.

The Miocene, beginning approximately 23 million years ago, represents a canonical "warm-Earth" interval characterized by elevated atmospheric CO2 and a warmer global climate. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), as a leading mode of interannual climate variability, exerts pronounced influences on global precipitation patterns and the occurrence of climate extremes. Investigating ocean–atmosphere variability under Miocene-like high-CO2 background states therefore provides a valuable framework for evaluating climate-model performance in warm climates and for informing expectations of ENSO behavior under continued anthropogenic warming.

The episode of extreme rainfall that affected the east of the Iberian Peninsula at the end of October 2024 left a devastating mark on the province of Valencia. In some areas, such as Turís, more than 700 liters per square meter were recorded in 24 hours; in other words, in just one day, more water fell than the average rainfall in mainland Spain in an entire year. This caused catastrophic flooding and the disaster resulted in more than 200 deaths, as well as billions of euros in damage.

Author(s): Shuo Wang, Miao Zhang, Nan Wang, Rui Li, Fucheng Liu, Xiaoxuan Li, Jing Wang, and Weili Fan

Plasma, as a dispersive medium, is widely utilized to control the propagation of electromagnetic waves, particularly in structures such as plasma photonic crystals. Here we propose a plasma photonic crystal heterostructure (PPCH) by strategic integration of Lieb superlattice and honeycomb superlatti…

[Phys. Rev. E 113, 035207] Published Fri Mar 13, 2026

Ice cores taken from glaciers reveal the air pollution of the past, using atmospheric particles incorporated in snow that fell on the glacier and became ice. Now, scientists have extracted a record of thousands of years' worth of air pollution from 9.5 meters of ice at the Weißseespitze glacier, close to the border between Austria and Italy. But this ice is under threat from global warming, and scientists warn that it is now a race against time to capture critical climate information locked in these glaciers before it's gone forever.