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Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Hao Xie, Caicai Liu, Zhuqi Zhang, Weitao Wang, Murat Tamer, Xudong Zhao, Kang Liu, Jiawei Zhang, Xuemei Li, Yanjiang Liu, Jingxing Yu, Dewen Zheng, Ying Wang, Huiping Zhang, Peizhen Zhang

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Xiang He, Xiaoping Yuan, Jun Cheng, David B. Kemp, Xianyan Wang, Zongmin Zhu, Junsheng Nie, Shucheng Xie

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Hee Choi, Bradford J. Foley

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Ke Zhu, Peng Ni, Qi Chen, Mahesh Anand, Meng-Hua Zhu, Tim Elliott

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Chris T.L. Cheung, Kohen W. Bauer, Brian Beaty, Juan Miguel Guotana, Decibel V. Faustino-Eslava, Boriana Kalderon-Asael, Dan Asael, Karen Luk, Giancarlo DeFrancesco, Sean M. Newby, Yonghui Qin, Noah J. Planavsky, N. Ryan McKenzie

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Cheng Cheng, Dan Wang, Shuangying Li, Hua Zhang

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Alexander Wickham-Piotrowski, Anne Meltzer, Gabriela Ponce, Susan Beck, Sandro Vaca, Monica Segovia, Steven Roecker, Mario Ruiz, Stephen Hernandez

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Guangming Luo, Shengwen Qi, Bowen Zheng, Manchao He, Derek Elsworth, Wenjiao Xiao

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Zhifei Duan, Chao Li, Helen Bostock, Yanguang Liu, Jian-xin Zhao, Yiming Luo, Yonghua Wu, Ai Nguyen, Shouye Yang

Publication date: 1 June 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 683

Author(s): Jun Korenaga, Claude Herzberg

New research from Adelaide University has revealed that geological processes dating back billions of years are critical to locating the rare earth elements needed for modern technologies and the global clean energy transition. Published in Science Advances, the study shows a strong global link between ancient subduction zones—where tectonic plates collide—and the formation of rare earth element (REE) deposits and carbonatites, a type of hot molten rock called magma, known to host these valuable resources.

A new study published in Science Advances reveals that sinking land—not just rising oceans alone—will be the main cause of future coastal flooding along Indonesia's densely populated Java Island, putting millions at risk sooner than expected.

Researchers have found evidence of a sandstorm on Mars that occurred about 3.6 billion years ago, marking the first time a sandstorm has been recognized in the Martian stratigraphic record. They published their findings in Geology. It’s not that scientists didn’t know that wind once blew on Mars. It does so now, and features on the planet’s surface, like dry riverbeds…

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Scientists at The University of Manchester have developed a new way to measure how traffic contributes to rising urban temperatures, revealing that everyday vehicle use can play a measurable role in making cities warmer. The researchers created a new physics-based module that allows heat produced by urban traffic to be represented directly within the Community Earth System Model (CESM)—one of the world's most widely used global climate models for predicting how Earth's climate behaves.

Take a tour through volcanic history on the edge of the Sierra Nevada near Mammoth Lakes, California. Between the tall granite peaks to the west and the Basin and Range province to the east, overlapping volcanic complexes imprint the landscape with a collection of craters, cones, and calderas.

The basic ingredients for life as we know it are common in the cosmos. Scientists are still learning which of those ingredients were present on primordial Earth, and how they combined to make life remains an unsolved mystery. However, many researchers now think many of the molecules necessary for life were already present in the nebula that grew into our solar system, which would mean the…

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Earth’s ice sheets are changing rapidly in response to anthropogenic climate change, and these changes are modulated by their basal topography. Visualizing the landscape that lies beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet not only allows glaciologists to improve model projections of future ice sheet change, but also provides a glimpse of a landscape hidden beneath ice. Paxman et al. [2026] used…

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An Iron Age burial mound in Norway has been reinterpreted as being a memorial for a catastrophic landslide during a period of climatic instability. There is a very interesting article (Gustavsen 2026) in the European Journal of Archaeology that re-examines an Iron Age mound known as Raknehaugen (Rakni’s Mound) in Norway. This mound has, until now, been interpreted as being the burial…

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SummaryReflection waveform inversion (RWI) is an effective method for reconstructing subsurface parameters with low-to-moderate wavenumbers. As the influence of anisotropy on seismic data becomes increasingly significant, RWI should be extended to tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media (TTI-RWI) to improve inversion accuracy. Unlike conventional isotropy or vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) assumptions, the TTI model provides a more realistic representation of geological structures with intense tectonic activity. Nevertheless, the practical implementation of TTI-RWI faces two challenges. First, as it relies on waveform matching, an inaccurate initial model can cause cycle-skipping and convergence to local minima. Second, the inherent coupling between velocity and anisotropic parameters leads to significant parameter crosstalk. These issues often coexist when prior information is limited. To address the first challenge, we propose a modified gradient sampling algorithm (GSA) that incorporates global optimization information to mitigate cycle-skipping without increasing computational cost. For the second challenge, we design a two-stage inversion strategy where the vertical P-wave velocity vp0 is first inverted using GSA, followed by joint inversion of vp0 and the anisotropic parameter ε via Gauss-Newton optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed TTI-RWI approach is validated through numerical experiments on the Overthrust model and applications to field marine towed-streamer data.

Surface volatiles—chemical substances that easily become gases or fluids at relatively low temperatures and pressures—are transported into Earth through subduction zones, with some being transported into the deep mantle and others to shallower depths. According to conventional models, halogens such as fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) are largely released at shallow depths when hydrous minerals break down, making it difficult for them to reach the deep mantle. However, a new study has identified high-density saline inclusions in deep diamonds and fluorine enrichment in mantle minerals, indicating that some halogens survive transport to great depths.