Feed aggregator | Отдел физики околоземного космического пространства

Assessing the benefits of approximately exact step sizes for Picard and Newton solver in simulating ice flow (FEniCS-full-Stokes v.1.3.2)
Niko Schmidt, Angelika Humbert, and Thomas Slawig
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 4943–4959, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4943-2024, 2024
Future sea-level rise is of big significance for coastal regions. The melting and acceleration of glaciers plays a major role in sea-level change. Computer simulation of glaciers costs a lot of computational resources. In this publication, we test a new way of simulating glaciers. This approach produces the same results but has the advantage that it needs much less computation time. As simulations can be obtained with fewer computation resources, higher resolution and physics become affordable.

A spatiotemporally separated framework for reconstructing the sources of atmospheric radionuclide releases

Geoscientific Model Development - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 18:17

A spatiotemporally separated framework for reconstructing the sources of atmospheric radionuclide releases
Yuhan Xu, Sheng Fang, Xinwen Dong, and Shuhan Zhuang
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 4961–4982, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4961-2024, 2024
Recent atmospheric radionuclide leakages from unknown sources have posed a new challenge in nuclear emergency assessment. Reconstruction via environmental observations is the only feasible way to identify sources, but simultaneous reconstruction of the source location and release rate yields high uncertainties. We propose a spatiotemporally separated reconstruction strategy that avoids these uncertainties and outperforms state-of-the-art methods with respect to accuracy and uncertainty ranges.

How quickly does groundwater recharge? The answer is found deep underground

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 16:30

You would have learned about the "water cycle" in primary school—water's journey, from evaporation to rainfall to flowing in a stream or sinking into the ground to become groundwater.

Evaluation of the hyperspectral radiometer (HSR1) at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site

Atmos. Meas. techniques - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 14:48

Evaluation of the hyperspectral radiometer (HSR1) at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site
Kelly A. Balmes, Laura D. Riihimaki, John Wood, Connor Flynn, Adam Theisen, Michael Ritsche, Lynn Ma, Gary B. Hodges, and Christian Herrera
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3783–3807, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3783-2024, 2024
A new hyperspectral radiometer (HSR1) was deployed and evaluated in the central United States (northern Oklahoma). The HSR1 total spectral irradiance agreed well with nearby existing instruments, but the diffuse spectral irradiance was slightly smaller. The HSR1-retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) also agreed well with other retrieved AODs. The HSR1 performance is encouraging: new hyperspectral knowledge is possible that could inform atmospheric process understanding and weather forecasting.

Transport of the Hunga volcanic aerosols inferred from Himawari-8/9 limb measurements

Atmos. Meas. techniques - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 14:48

Transport of the Hunga volcanic aerosols inferred from Himawari-8/9 limb measurements
Fred Prata
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3751–3764, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3751-2024, 2024
Geostationary satellite data have been used to measure the stratospheric aerosols from the explosive Hunga volcanic eruption by using the data in a novel way. The onboard imager views part of the Earth's limb and data from this region were analysed to generate vertical cross-sections of aerosols high in the atmosphere. The analyses show the hemispheric spread of the aerosols and their vertical structure in layers from 22–28 km in the stratosphere.

Innovative cloud quantification: deep learning classification and finite-sector clustering for ground-based all-sky imaging

Atmos. Meas. techniques - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 14:48

Innovative cloud quantification: deep learning classification and finite-sector clustering for ground-based all-sky imaging
Jingxuan Luo, Yubing Pan, Debin Su, Jinhua Zhong, Lingxiao Wu, Wei Zhao, Xiaoru Hu, Zhengchao Qi, Daren Lu, and Yinan Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3765–3781, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3765-2024, 2024
Accurate cloud quantification is critical for climate research. We developed a novel computer vision framework using deep neural networks and clustering algorithms for cloud classification and segmentation from ground-based all-sky images. After a full year of observational training, our model achieves over 95 % accuracy on four cloud types. The framework enhances quantitative analysis to support climate research by providing reliable cloud data.

Sediments reveal the ancient ocean during a mass extinction event

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 12:10

About 183 million years ago, volcanic activity in modern South Africa unleashed an estimated 20,500 gigatons of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the ocean–atmosphere system over a period of 300 to 500 thousand years. Known as the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE), the lack of oxygen, or anoxia, in the water during this time caused a mass extinction of marine species.

Summer in the city: Climate science reveals the impacts of heat

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 12:09

The summer sun beats down. People without air conditioning must find refuge in schools and community centers. Outdoor workers struggle to keep cool. Hot nights interrupt people's sleep, not allowing them to get the rest needed to recover from the warmth of the day. People with cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses have these conditions worsen.

Marine cloud brightening models show unexpected consequences of geoengineering

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 12:04

A combined team of Earth scientists and climate specialists at the University of California San Diego and the National Center for Atmospheric Research has found via modeling that geoengineering projects such as marine cloud brightening can have unexpected and sometimes harmful consequences.

Radioactive isotopes trace hidden Arctic currents

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 11:19

The Arctic Ocean is warming four times faster than the rest of the world's oceans, a trend that could potentially spill over to the rest of the world in the form of altered weather patterns and other climate consequences. Efforts such as the Synoptic Arctic Survey are studying the Arctic Ocean to better understand ocean currents, in the hope of allowing scientists to better predict future changes.

NASA-led mission to map air pollution over both US coasts

Phys.org: Earth science - Tue, 06/25/2024 - 11:17

This summer between June 17 and July 2, NASA is flying aircraft over Baltimore, Philadelphia, parts of Virginia, and California to collect data on air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions.