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The intermittent nature of solar energy poses challenges to grid stability, making accurate ultra-short-term solar irradiance forecasting crucial for balancing supply and demand. However, traditional numerical weather prediction models often struggle with cloud initialization, leading to forecast inaccuracies.

SummaryIn February-March 2025 a seismic sequence occurred in the western sector of the Aeolian Archipelago (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy), a seismotectonic complex region located along the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary and mainly controlled by their NW-trending convergence. The seismicity, located ∼20 km south of Alicudi Island and ∼40 km north of the coast of Sicily, started on February 7 with an earthquake of magnitude Mw 4.7 that was followed in the next month by 42 events with local magnitudes between 1.2 and 3.4. Notwithstanding its moderate energy, this recent seismicity offers a unique opportunity to investigate seismogenic processes in a region for which a seismic potential of ∼M7 or even more has been suggested and a relevant data paucity mainly related to its offshore location was widely recognized. We tackle the limitations of not-optimal network configuration, by designing an ad-hoc approach, which integrates different advanced techniques. Specifically, we combine Bayesian methodology for accurate absolute hypocenter locations, machine learning techniques for detection of weaker events, Distance Geometry Solvers for relative locations, and a probabilistic inversion tool for source mechanism estimation. Our analysis led us to strongly enrich the dataset of detected earthquakes, and to define the causative source of the 2025 sequence as a NE-SW trending N-dipping thrust faulting structure. The proposed source agrees with the regional seismogenic stress field and with the structural architecture of the southern Tyrrhenian portion of the Africa-Eurasia plate margin by also adding new constraints in a sector where no known fault segments were previously reported. This study provides new insights on seismogenic processes in the investigated area, while proving the effectiveness of the employed combined approach for characterizing seismogenic sources in poor network configurations.

In the predawn darkness, a team of scientists climbs the slope of Mexico's Popocatépetl volcano, one of the world's most active and whose eruption could affect millions of people. Its mission: figure out what is happening under the crater.

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s):

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Qasid Ahmad, Martin Wille, Carolina Rosca, Thomas Pettke, Jörg Hermann, Stephan König

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Fumiya Sakai, Kei Hirose

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Kathrine Udell-Lopez, Mong-Han Huang, Vedran Lekić

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Wenshuo Mao, Xiaohui Fu, Zhongchen Wu, Jiang Zhang, Zongcheng Ling, Yang Liu, Yu-Yan Sara Zhao, Jiacheng Liu, He Cui, Hitesh G. Changela, Yuheng Ni, Lifang Li, Joseph R. Michalski

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Kuilin Xiao, Qiang Qiu

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Shengchao Yang, Junxuan Fan, Chao Li, Yi-Bo Lin, Yiying Deng, Zongyuan Sun, Jian Cao, Shu-zhong Shen

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Alexis Gauthier, Nadaya Cubas, Laetitia Le Pourhiet

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Eirini M. Poulaki, Cailey B. Condit, Margaret L. Odlum, Jason N. Ott, Megan E. Ferrell

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Shiyu Zhang, Bo Chen, Qian Huang, Changyi Xu, Xiaolong Wei

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Fabio Arzilli, Giuseppe La Spina, Emily C. Bamber, Daniele Morgavi, Lorenzo Fedele, Lucia Mancini, Marko Prašek, Ileana Santangelo, Giulia Chiominto, Annamaria Perrotta, Thomas Lemaire, Hélène Balcone-Boissard, Daniele Giordano, Claudio Scarpati

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Chunyang Wang, Weiwei Ding, Wouter P․ Schellart, Zhengyi Tong, Yinxia Fang, Jiabiao Li

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Mingqi Liu, Sylvain Barbot

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): O. Beyssac, E. Clavé, O. Forni, A. Udry, A.C. Pascuzzo, E. Dehouck, P. Beck, L. Mandon, C. Quantin-Nataf, N. Mangold, G. Lopez-Reyes, C. Royer, O. Gasnault, T.S.J. Gabriel, L. Kah, S. Schröder, J.R. Johnson, T. Bertrand, B. Chide, T. Fouchet

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Fan Zhang, Sibiao Liu, Lars H. Rüpke, Yiming Luo, Ming Chen, Xubo Zhang, Lei Zhao, Yinuo Zhang, Zhanying Chen, Jian Lin

Publication date: 1 February 2026

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 675

Author(s): Tunahan Aykut, I. Tonguç Uysal, Cengiz Yıldırım, Timur Ustaömer, Nicole Leonard

SummaryDecomposing spectral responses in induced polarization on the basis of elementary Debye relaxation kernels with a distribution of time constants (Relaxation Time Distribution) is a powerful tool for analysing observations in this low-frequency electromagnetic method. Notably, it enables the estimation of the sizes of polarisation sites, particularly in the presence of metallic particles, as well as facilitating environmental studies. These decompositions generalise a plethora of historical models, some of which can be considered equivalent to each other in the sense of mathematical equivalence classes. Here, we explicit several types of these equivalence relations, which we recall in their definition in relation to a common property, the elements of a given class belong to a given set. For example, we present a class of models that fall under the same differential equation, meaning this is the class of models that belong to the set of distributions that verify the differential equation. We also exhibit another class of models where we can pass from one to the other by an elementary calculation. Among all the possibilities, a particular class often interests us in IP: RTD classes such as spectra are practically indistinguishable as they are so close according to a defined criterion. In this particular case, we study here the equivalence (or non-equivalence) of certain classical models. We confirm that two models play major roles: the lognormal distribution (because it is the most natural) and the Cole-Cole distribution, which is empirical but also often used for its simplicity (and the associated RTD is analytical, unlike that of the lognormal which requires numerical evaluations). It turns out that these two distributions are equivalent in terms of their quasi-equal spectra, a fact known since Cole and Cole (1941), but whose scope is extended here by an in-depth study of the objective function which separates them in the least squares sense.