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Anomalous collisionally induced transparency

Physical Review E (Plasma physics) - Fri, 04/17/2026 - 10:00

Author(s): Litong Xu, Guoqian Liao, Xinyao Zhang, Jieya Ruan, Tingting Xi, Xin Lu, and Yutong Li

Whether and how intense laser pulses can pierce optically opaque media remains a fundamental question of interest in laser-matter interactions. Both existing mechanisms enabling laser propagation in overdense plasmas, i.e., relativistic self-induced transparency and electromagnetically induced trans…


[Phys. Rev. E 113, 045213] Published Fri Apr 17, 2026

The 9 April 2026 landslide at Lamarain in Papua New Guinea

EOS - Fri, 04/17/2026 - 07:47

Ten people were killed in a large landslide in Papua New Guinea triggered by heavy rainfall associated with Tropical Cyclone Maila.

On 9 April 2026, a large landslide occurred at Lamarain in the Inland Baining LLG of Gazelle District in Papua New Guinea. The landslide was triggered by heavy rainfall associated with the passage of Tropical Cyclone Maila.

Media reports indicate that ten people were killed by the landslide and that a further 18 people were injured. Baining is located at [-4.2548, 151.7811], so I assume that this is the general area.

Gaining information about landslides in the remote areas of Papua New Guinea is very challenging – the terrain is rugged and there is a high level of civil turmoil. But the best source of information is on the Facebook page of NBC East Britain, which has posted a helicopter video of the aftermath. This is a still from that video:-

The landslide at Lamarain in Papua New Guinea. Still from a video posted to Facebook by NBC East New Britain.

There are several interesting aspects of this landslide. First, the failure appears to have initiated high on the hillslope in an area that has a mix of forestry and cleared areas. The source appear to be quite large and deep-seated. This has transitioned into a disrupted debris slide / avalanche with a substantial amount of entrainment.

Note also the multiple other landslides in that area, all fresh, suggesting that the intense rainfall was sufficient to drive widespread failures. It is interesting to note though that is event did not involve multiple shallow landslides that combined to create a channelised debris flow.

The Post Courier reports that the Lamerain landslide occurred in two phases, the first at 6 am on 9 April 2026 and the second 24 hours later. However, other reports suggest that it occurred on 12 April 2026, underlying the challenges of properly understanding landslides in Papua New Guinea.

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Deep earthquakes triggered by the olivine-poirierite transition

Phys.org: Earth science - Fri, 04/17/2026 - 02:40
Seismicity decreases with depth because elevated confining pressure prevents frictional sliding of faults. However, seismicity tends to increase with depth in the mantle transition zone (depths of 410−600km). It has been believed that pressure-induced phase transitions of olivine in the "cold" subducted slabs is the cause of high seismicity in the mantle transition zone.

Different interannual co-evolutionary models reveal how East Asia's jet stream and summer monsoon evolve together

Phys.org: Earth science - Fri, 04/17/2026 - 01:20
The East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet (EASWJ) and the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) are two pivotal components of the East Asian monsoon system, shaping the precipitation distribution and climate over East Asia. Whether the co-evolutionary EASWJ–EASM relationship remains consistent under different climatic backgrounds has been a key question in both modern and paleoclimate research.

Relocating Venice among the options explored to protect the city against sea-level rise

Phys.org: Earth science - Thu, 04/16/2026 - 23:00
Relocating the city of Venice is among four potential options—including movable barriers, ring dikes and closing the Venetian Lagoon—that could help it adapt to future sea-level rise over the next 200 years, according to a new study.

Novel technique drills more detail into ice core records

Phys.org: Earth science - Thu, 04/16/2026 - 22:30
Glaciers can reveal vast archives of information about Earth's environmental past, but deciphering the origins of the matter within them can be a challenge. Now, using a novel technique that enables researchers to directly analyze millions of individual particles at once, a new study has revealed that specks of dust trapped in Antarctic ice likely originated from a common source during the last Ice Age, between about 120,000 and 11,500 years ago.

Extensive faults beneath Nevada nuclear lab raise unanswered earthquake risks

Phys.org: Earth science - Thu, 04/16/2026 - 21:20
The underground laboratory in Nevada where the U.S. conducts nuclear subcritical experiments is riddled with faults. Researchers have not confirmed whether any of these faults are active and could rupture during an earthquake, according to a presentation by members of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board delivered at the 2026 SSA Annual Meeting.

LiDAR maps medieval castle terrain and flags landslide-prone slopes in Japan

Phys.org: Earth science - Thu, 04/16/2026 - 21:00
Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a method to differentiate the topography of medieval mountain castles from that of natural ridges using airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. This method is expected to be useful for detecting historically modified terrain, such as archaeological sites in mountainous regions, as well as for assessing the extent of topographic modifications and estimating the potential risk of landslides on modified slopes.

Navigating the past with ancient stone compass needles

Phys.org: Earth science - Thu, 04/16/2026 - 19:20
Magnetic rocks with iron oxide concentrations act as natural chroniclers of Earth's past continental movements. Using small samples of rocks, scientists can isolate magnetic grains that were frozen in orientation as the rock solidified. The magnetization of these grains acts as a miniature compass needle, pointing toward ancient magnetic poles. This same principle applies to extraterrestrial samples, such as meteorites and lunar rocks, which preserve evidence of the early solar nebula's evolution.

The COSPAR International Space Weather Action Teams (ISWAT) Initiative: A Driving Force for the COSPAR Space Weather Roadmap

Publication date: Available online 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research

Author(s): Maria M. Kuznetsova, Mario M. Bisi, Hermann J. Opgenoorth, Martin A. Reiss, M. Leila Mays, Lucilla Alfonsi, C. Nick Arge, David Barnes, Anna Belehaki, Thomas E. Berger, Amanda Brecht, Sean Bruinsma, Oyuki Chang, Claudio Corti, Emma Davies, Maher A. Dayeh, Gina A. DiBraccio, Alexander Y. Drozdov, Nathaniel A. Frissell, Katherine Garcia-Sage

Direct simulations of very high energy cosmic ray acceleration in 3D MHD model of a compact star cluster

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): M.E. Kalyashova, A.M. Bykov, D.V. Badmaev

Very high energy proton acceleration in Vela-type pulsar wind nebulae

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): A.M. Bykov, A.N. Fursov, K.P. Levenfish, A.E. Petrov

Analyzing cosmic ray spectral features: a numerical investigation

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Yuca C. Chen, Zachary M. Dorris, Eun-Suk Seo, Vladimir S. Ptuskin

Unique properties of primary cosmic rays: Results from the alpha magnetic spectrometer

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Jin Zhang, Zhaomin Wang

SuperTIGER galactic cosmic-ray source abundances for the charge interval <math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si40.svg" class="math"><mrow><mn>16</mn><mo>⩽</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo>⩽</mo><mn>56</mn></mrow></math>

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): N.E. Osborn, N.E. Walsh, Q. Abarr, Y. Akaike, W.R. Binns, R.G. Bose, T.J. Brandt, D.L. Braun, N.W. Cannady, R.M. Crabill, P.F. Dowkontt, S.P. Fitzsimmons, T. Hams, M.H. Israel, J.F. Krizmanic, A.W. Labrador, W. Labrador, L. Lisalda, R.A. Mewaldt, J.W. Mitchell

SuperTIGER ultra-heavy galactic cosmic ray atmospheric corrections using Geant4 simulations

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): N.E. Osborn, Q. Abarr, Y. Akaike, W.R. Binns, R.G. Bose, T.J. Brandt, D.L. Braun, N.W. Cannady, R.M. Crabill, P.F. Dowkontt, S.P. Fitzsimmons, T. Hams, M.H. Israel, J.F. Krizmanic, A.W. Labrador, W. Labrador, L. Lisalda, R.A. Mewaldt, J.W. Mitchell, R.P. Murphy

Investigating the atmospheric properties of cosmic rays at low-latitude station DEASA to probe geomagnetic storm in 2022

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Shivam Kulshrestha, Sonali Bhatnagar, Surjeet Baghel

Aragats high-altitude research station – 80 years of continuous cosmic ray monitoring

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Z. Asaturyan, A. Chilingarian

General properties of charged particle diffusion in heliosphere inferred from Forbush decreases

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Stefano Della Torre, Giovanni Cavallotto, Giuseppe La Vacca, Massimo Gervasi

Unique properties of secondary cosmic rays measured by the alpha magnetic spectrometer

Publication date: 15 April 2026

Source: Advances in Space Research, Volume 77, Issue 8

Author(s): Yao Chen

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