A new lidar inversion method using a surface reference target applied to the backscattering coefficient and lidar ratio retrievals of a fog-oil plume at short range
Florian Gaudfrin, Olivier Pujol, Romain Ceolato, Guillaume Huss, and Nicolas Riviere
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1921–1935, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1921-2020, 2020
A new elastic lidar inversion equation is presented. It is based on the backscattering signal from a surface reference target rather than that from a volumetric layer of reference as is usually done. The method presented can be used in the case of airborne elastic lidar measurements or when the lidar–target line is horizontal. Also, a new algorithm is described to retrieve the lidar ratio and the backscattering coefficient of an aerosol plume without any a priori assumptions about the plume.
Simultaneous detection of ozone and nitrogen dioxide by oxygen anion chemical ionization mass spectrometry: a fast-time-response sensor suitable for eddy covariance measurements
Gordon A. Novak, Michael P. Vermeuel, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1887–1907, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1887-2020, 2020
We present the development and successful field deployment of a new chemical ionization mass spectrometry method capable of fast and high-sensitivity measurements of ozone and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere. The sensitivity, precision, and time resolution of the instrument were demonstrated to be sufficient for making deposition flux measurements of ozone from a coastal ocean field site. We propose this instrument will also be well suited for sampling from mobile platforms.
The quantification of NOx and SO2 point source emission flux errors of mobile DOAS on the basis of the Gaussian dispersion model: A simulation study
Yeyuan Huang, Ang Li, Thomas Wagner, Yang Wang, Zhaokun Hu, Pinhua Xie, Jin Xu, Hongmei Ren, Xiaoyi Fang, and Bing Dang
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-81,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Mobile DOAS has become an important tool for the quantification of emission sources. In this study, we focused on the error budget of mobile DOAS measurements from point sources based on the model simulations, and we also offered recommendations for the optimum settings of such measurements. From the results, we also discovered a missing error source(undetectable flux) and clarified the [NOx]/[NO2] ratio correction effect of flux measurement.
Simultaneous detection of ozone and nitrogen dioxide by oxygen anion chemical ionization mass spectrometry: a fast-time-response sensor suitable for eddy covariance measurements
Gordon A. Novak, Michael P. Vermeuel, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1887–1907, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1887-2020, 2020
We present the development and successful field deployment of a new chemical ionization mass spectrometry method capable of fast and high-sensitivity measurements of ozone and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere. The sensitivity, precision, and time resolution of the instrument were demonstrated to be sufficient for making deposition flux measurements of ozone from a coastal ocean field site. We propose this instrument will also be well suited for sampling from mobile platforms.
The quantification of NOx and SO2 point source emission flux errors of mobile DOAS on the basis of the Gaussian dispersion model: A simulation study
Yeyuan Huang, Ang Li, Thomas Wagner, Yang Wang, Zhaokun Hu, Pinhua Xie, Jin Xu, Hongmei Ren, Xiaoyi Fang, and Bing Dang
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-81,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Mobile DOAS has become an important tool for the quantification of emission sources. In this study, we focused on the error budget of mobile DOAS measurements from point sources based on the model simulations, and we also offered recommendations for the optimum settings of such measurements. From the results, we also discovered a missing error source(undetectable flux) and clarified the [NOx]/[NO2] ratio correction effect of flux measurement.
Evaluation of equivalent black carbon source apportionment using observations from Switzerland between 2008 and 2018
Stuart K. Grange, Hanspeter Lötscher, Andrea Fischer, Lukas Emmenegger, and Christoph Hueglin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1867–1885, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1867-2020, 2020
Black carbon (BC) is an important atmospheric pollutant and can be monitored by instruments called aethalometers. A pragmatic data processing technique called the aethalometer model can be used to apportion aethalometer observations into traffic and woodburning components. We present an exploratory data analysis evaluating the aethalometer model and use the outputs for BC trend analysis across Switzerland. The aethalometer model's robustness and utility for such analyses is discussed.
Intra-annual variations of spectrally resolved gravity wave activity in the UMLT region
René Sedlak, Alexandra Zuhr, Carsten Schmidt, Sabine Wüst, Michael Bittner, Goderdzi G. Didebulidze, and Colin Price
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-14,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Gravity wave (GW) activity in the UMLT in the period range 6–480 min is calculated by applying a wavelet analysis to nocturnal temperature time series derived from OH* airglow spectrometers. We analyse measurements from eight different locations at different latitudes.
GW activity shows strong period dependence. We find hardly any seasonal variability for periods below 60 min and a semi-annual cycle for periods longer than 60 min that evolves into an annual cycle around a period of 200 min.
Leveraging spatial textures, through machine learning, to identify aerosol and distinct cloud types from multispectral observations
Willem J. Marais, Robert E. Holz, Jeffrey S. Reid, and Rebecca M. Willett
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-74,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Space agencies use moderate resolution satellite imagery to study how smoke, dust, pollution (aerosols) and cloud types impacts the Earth's climate; these space agencies include NASA, ESA, China Meteorological Administration, etc. We demonstrate in this paper that an algorithm with convolutional neural networks can greatly enhance the automated detection of aerosols and cloud types from satellite imagery. Our algorithm is an improvement compared current aerosol and cloud detection algorithms.
Nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) for investigating hygroscopic properties of sub-10 nm aerosol nanoparticles
Ting Lei, Nan Ma, Juan Hong, Thomas Tuch, Xin Wang, Zhibin Wang, Mira Pöhlker, Maofa Ge, Weigang Wang, Eugene Mikhailov, Thorsten Hoffmann, Ulrich Pöschl, Hang Su, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-110,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
We present a newly designed and self-assembled nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) apparatus that enables high accuracy and precision in hygroscopic growth measurements of aerosol nanoparticles with diameters less than 10 nm. We further introduce the comprehensive methods for system calibration and performance of the system.
Intercomparison and Evaluation of Ground- and Satellite-Based Stratospheric Ozone and Temperature profiles above Observatoire Haute Provence during the Lidar Validation NDACC Experiment (LAVANDE)
Robin Wing, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Thomas J. McGee, John T. Sullivan, Grant Sumnicht, Gerard Ancellet, Alain Hauchecorne, Sergey Khaykin, and Philippe Keckhut
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-9,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
A lidar intercomparison campaign was conducted over a period of 28 nights at L'Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) in 2017 and 2018. The objective is to validate the ozone and temperature profiles at OHP to ensure the quality of the data submitted to the NDACC database remains high. A mobile reference lidar operated by NASA was transported to OHP and operated concurrently with the French lidars. Agreement for ozone was better than 5 % between 20 and 40 km and temperatures were equal within 3 K.
Evaluation of equivalent black carbon source apportionment using observations from Switzerland between 2008 and 2018
Stuart K. Grange, Hanspeter Lötscher, Andrea Fischer, Lukas Emmenegger, and Christoph Hueglin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1867–1885, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1867-2020, 2020
Black carbon (BC) is an important atmospheric pollutant and can be monitored by instruments called aethalometers. A pragmatic data processing technique called the aethalometer model can be used to apportion aethalometer observations into traffic and woodburning components. We present an exploratory data analysis evaluating the aethalometer model and use the outputs for BC trend analysis across Switzerland. The aethalometer model's robustness and utility for such analyses is discussed.
Intra-annual variations of spectrally resolved gravity wave activity in the UMLT region
René Sedlak, Alexandra Zuhr, Carsten Schmidt, Sabine Wüst, Michael Bittner, Goderdzi G. Didebulidze, and Colin Price
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-14,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Gravity wave (GW) activity in the UMLT in the period range 6–480 min is calculated by applying a wavelet analysis to nocturnal temperature time series derived from OH* airglow spectrometers. We analyse measurements from eight different locations at different latitudes.
GW activity shows strong period dependence. We find hardly any seasonal variability for periods below 60 min and a semi-annual cycle for periods longer than 60 min that evolves into an annual cycle around a period of 200 min.
Leveraging spatial textures, through machine learning, to identify aerosol and distinct cloud types from multispectral observations
Willem J. Marais, Robert E. Holz, Jeffrey S. Reid, and Rebecca M. Willett
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-74,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Space agencies use moderate resolution satellite imagery to study how smoke, dust, pollution (aerosols) and cloud types impacts the Earth's climate; these space agencies include NASA, ESA, China Meteorological Administration, etc. We demonstrate in this paper that an algorithm with convolutional neural networks can greatly enhance the automated detection of aerosols and cloud types from satellite imagery. Our algorithm is an improvement compared current aerosol and cloud detection algorithms.
Nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) for investigating hygroscopic properties of sub-10 nm aerosol nanoparticles
Ting Lei, Nan Ma, Juan Hong, Thomas Tuch, Xin Wang, Zhibin Wang, Mira Pöhlker, Maofa Ge, Weigang Wang, Eugene Mikhailov, Thorsten Hoffmann, Ulrich Pöschl, Hang Su, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-110,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
We present a newly designed and self-assembled nano-hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (nano-HTDMA) apparatus that enables high accuracy and precision in hygroscopic growth measurements of aerosol nanoparticles with diameters less than 10 nm. We further introduce the comprehensive methods for system calibration and performance of the system.
Intercomparison and Evaluation of Ground- and Satellite-Based Stratospheric Ozone and Temperature profiles above Observatoire Haute Provence during the Lidar Validation NDACC Experiment (LAVANDE)
Robin Wing, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Thomas J. McGee, John T. Sullivan, Grant Sumnicht, Gerard Ancellet, Alain Hauchecorne, Sergey Khaykin, and Philippe Keckhut
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-9,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
A lidar intercomparison campaign was conducted over a period of 28 nights at L'Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) in 2017 and 2018. The objective is to validate the ozone and temperature profiles at OHP to ensure the quality of the data submitted to the NDACC database remains high. A mobile reference lidar operated by NASA was transported to OHP and operated concurrently with the French lidars. Agreement for ozone was better than 5 % between 20 and 40 km and temperatures were equal within 3 K.
On the retrieval of snow grain morphology, the accuracy of simulated reflectance over snow using airborne measurements in the Arctic
Soheila Jafariserajehlou, Vladimir V. Rozanov, Marco Vountas, Charles K. Gatebe, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-58,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 1 comment)
In this work, we study the retrieval of snow grain morphologies and their impact on the reflectance in a coupled snow-atmosphere system. We present a sensitivity study to highlight the importance of having adequate information about snow and atmosphere. A novel two-stage algorithm to retrieve the size and shape of snow grains is presented. The reflectance simulation results are compared with that of airborne measurements; the high correlation of 0.98 at IR and 0.88–98 at VIS channel is achieved.
An Examination of Enhanced Atmospheric Methane Detection Methods for Predicting Performance of a Novel Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Imager
Cody M. Webber and John P. Kerekes
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-53,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Here we present a study performed to determine the methane detection capabilities of a novel remote thermal instrument, the Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Imager. We utilize a novel methane detection approach, the normalized differential methane index, that when applied to simulated multispectral thermal imagery with a single spectral channel dedicated to methane detection shows similar results to a state of the art method, the matched filter approach.
On the retrieval of snow grain morphology, the accuracy of simulated reflectance over snow using airborne measurements in the Arctic
Soheila Jafariserajehlou, Vladimir V. Rozanov, Marco Vountas, Charles K. Gatebe, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-58,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 1 comment)
In this work, we study the retrieval of snow grain morphologies and their impact on the reflectance in a coupled snow-atmosphere system. We present a sensitivity study to highlight the importance of having adequate information about snow and atmosphere. A novel two-stage algorithm to retrieve the size and shape of snow grains is presented. The reflectance simulation results are compared with that of airborne measurements; the high correlation of 0.98 at IR and 0.88–98 at VIS channel is achieved.
An Examination of Enhanced Atmospheric Methane Detection Methods for Predicting Performance of a Novel Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Imager
Cody M. Webber and John P. Kerekes
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https//doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-53,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Here we present a study performed to determine the methane detection capabilities of a novel remote thermal instrument, the Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Imager. We utilize a novel methane detection approach, the normalized differential methane index, that when applied to simulated multispectral thermal imagery with a single spectral channel dedicated to methane detection shows similar results to a state of the art method, the matched filter approach.
Characterization of a Non-Thermal Plasma Source for the Use as a Mass Spec Calibration Tool and Non-Radioactive Aerosol Charger
Christian Tauber, David Schmoll, Johannes Gruenwald, Sophia Brilke, Peter Josef Wlasits, Paul Martin Winkler, and Daniela Wimmer
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2020-54,2020
Preprint under review for AMT (discussion: open, 0 comments)
In this paper we show that a commercially available plasma charger with nitrogen as working gas can enhance the charging probability for sub-10 nm particles. In addition, the charger ion mobilities and the chemical composition have been examined using an atmospheric pressure interface – time-of-flight mass spectrometer (APi-TOF MS) and comparison of the experimental results revealed that the generated neutralizer ions are not dependent on the charging mechanism.
