Phys.org: Earth science

About 600 miles off the west coast of Africa, large clusters of thunderstorms begin organizing into tropical storms every hurricane season. They aren't yet in range of Hurricane Hunter flights, so forecasters at the National Hurricane Center rely on weather satellites to peer down on these storms and beam back information about their location, structure and intensity.

An international study has revealed how continental collisions may have supercharged the Earth's richest deposits of copper, a metal critical for clean energy technologies and global infrastructure.

On 28 November 1966, an American airplane flies over the Antarctic Peninsula just south of the southernmost tip of Chile. On board is a photographer, probably from the U.S. Navy, whose job is to map the Antarctic landscape. But it turns out that the photographer is also documenting a very special situation that is in progress. He shoots an aerial photo of the Wordie Ice Shelf, which, 30 years later, has almost vanished after a total collapse.

Deep below the surface of the ocean, bacteria and critters that feed off nutrients spouting from hydrothermal vents met with a sudden wave of volcanic sediment, leaving them suffocated.

Compared to single-channel meandering rivers, multichannel braided rivers are often found in environments with sparse vegetation and coarse, shifting bars of sediment. Past research has called the way in which the paths of braided rivers shift over time "chaotic" because their migration depends on many factors, including river shape and changing water levels.

Young forests regrowing from land where mature woodlands have been cut down have a key role to play in removing billions of tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and combating climate change, a new study reveals.

A new study led by a University of California, Irvine scientist reveals that airlines can make smarter tradeoff decisions to cut aviation's warming impact. The research, published in the journal Nature, offers hopeful news for the future of air travel and climate action.

Irina Marinov, associate professor at the Department of Earth and Environmental Science, leads a research community focused on understanding global climate impacts, risks, and vulnerabilities to enable local action.

Northern peatlands could seriously complicate efforts to cool the planet, especially after a temporary overshoot of the 1.5°C global warming limit, according to new IIASA-led research.

The collapse of tropical forests during Earth's most catastrophic extinction event was the primary cause of the prolonged global warming which followed, according to new research.

The deadly, record-breaking heat wave that hit the Pacific Northwest in June 2021 continues to be the subject of intense interest among scientists, policymakers and the public.

In the 1997 action film "Dante's Peak," Pierce Brosnan plays the role of a volcanologist sent to investigate seismic activity beneath a long-dormant volcano.

A new study delivers a stark warning that Central Asia has overshot its environmental safety limits concerning land footprint and biosphere integrity. The study, led by Prof. Duan Weili from the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, provides a comprehensive sustainability assessment and identifies Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan as priority areas for environmental management.

In their paper published in Science of the Total Environment, researchers from IIASA and Lviv Polytechnic National University in Ukraine presented a novel approach to measure and understand human pressure on planet Earth. The researchers explored how carbon emissions can be translated into measures of "stress" and "strain" to derive new insights into how the planet is changing.

A powerful heat wave has been gripping large parts of southern Europe and North Africa, pushing air temperatures beyond seasonal norms and triggering widespread health and wildfire alerts. Among the hardest-hit countries are Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Cyprus, and Algeria.

New research has, for the first time, tracked ice shelf, sea ice and ocean swell wave conditions over multiple years in the lead-up to three large-scale iceberg "calving" events in Antarctica, revealing common patterns.

A patch of the Atlantic Ocean just south of Greenland is cooling while much of the world warms. The origin of this "cold blob" has been linked to weakening ocean currents that help regulate global climate—called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). A team of scientists led by Penn State has found a weakening AMOC impacts not just the ocean but also the atmosphere, and that these two factors may contribute equally to the cold anomaly.

Eastern Australia is one of the most fire-prone regions in the world, with bushfires responsible for the deaths of about 800 people and millions of animals since about 1850.

For years, sand nourishment has been an important way to protect the Dutch coast against erosion and rising sea levels. But we know surprisingly little about one type of nourishment, shoreface nourishment. A recent scientific review article published in Earth-Science Reviews by the University of Twente maps out existing knowledge in this area and underlines the need for further research.

Scientists have discovered that changes in climate and water levels are reducing the ability of some ecosystems in the Everglades to sequester carbon, while the environmental shifts are enhancing the potential for carbon uptake by scrub mangroves.