Earth,Planets and Space

This study provides a physical mechanism for the temporary intensification of wintertime sporadic E layers (EsLs) in 2009. It is widely accepted that vertical wind shears control EsL formations. EsL intensity ...

Slow earthquakes are slow fault slip events. Quantifying and monitoring slow earthquake activity characteristics are important, because they may change before large earthquakes occur. Statistical seismicity mo...

Rapid and accurate earthquake magnitude estimations are essential for earthquake early warning (EEW) systems. The distance information between the seismometers and the earthquake hypocenter can be important to...

Monitoring and predicting fault slip behaviors in subduction zones is essential for understanding earthquake cycles and assessing future earthquake potential. We developed a data assimilation method for fault ...

An ionogram image serves as a valuable data for examining the ionospheric bottom side characteristics and variabilities. Spread-F is indicated or identified by plasma irregularity in the ionospheric region. Di...

The phenomenon known as strong thermal emission velocity enhancement (STEVE) is a purple/mauve arc-shaped atmospheric glow observed at lower latitudes of the auroral oval on the duskside. Simultaneous observat...

The physical properties of seafloor massive sulfides are crucial for interpreting sub-seafloor images from geophysical surveys, shedding light on the evolution of seafloor mineral deposits. While some studies ...

This short report introduces one of the ways to quickly and accurately aim melt inclusions in phenocryst using NanoSIMS.

Correcting interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) interferograms using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data can effectively improve their accuracy. However, most of the existing correction ...

We have developed a low-energy particle experiment that alternately measures ions and electrons in space. The ability to switch between ion and electron measurements is achieved by simply adding ultra-thin car...

Single silicate crystals hosting tiny magnetic inclusions are remarkable targets to study the paleointensities of the Earth and extraterrestrial samples. Since the pioneering work done in late 1990s, paleointe...

Global navigation satellite system-acoustic (GNSS-A) positioning is an important geodetic observation technique for detecting seafloor crustal deformation. After the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake, GNSS-A observat...

High-resolution dating of volcanic rocks is the foundation for understanding the evolution of volcanoes and for estimating possible hazards. However, dating is often difficult for submarine volcanoes, where ra...

The Korean space weather monitor (KSEM) aboard the GEO-KOMPSAT-2A (GK2A) has been continuously measuring energetic particle flux in geostationary orbit at 128.2°E longitude since July 2019. The particle detect...

Temporary slip speed increases with durations of 1–3 h were identified during short-term slow slip events in records of borehole and laser strainmeters in the Tokai region, Japan. They were found by searching ...

The 1 January 2024 Noto-Hanto (Noto Peninsula) earthquake (MJMA 7.6) generated strong ground motion, large crustal deformation and tsunamis that caused significant damage in the region. Around Noto Peninsula, bot...

This technical report explains details on the results of the investigation to build a subsurface structural model and a selection of earthquake data at the target site of the blind prediction exercise for “The...

This paper describes the instrumentation and the first results of an upper atmospheric observing project conducted in New Zealand. We operate an all-sky aurora camera and a 64-Hz sampling induction magnetomete...

Inflations at active volcanoes are indicators of overpressure in the subsurface, which is known to be a phenomenon that precedes eruptions. Volcanic overpressure is induced by the injection of magmatic fluids,...